{"id":8245,"date":"2025-05-14T15:03:36","date_gmt":"2025-05-14T10:03:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/?p=8245"},"modified":"2025-05-14T15:03:36","modified_gmt":"2025-05-14T10:03:36","slug":"14-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d0%9c%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b4%d1%83%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%bd%d1%8b%d0%b9-%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%8c-%d1%87%d0%b8%d1%85%d1%83%d0%b0%d1%85%d1%83%d0%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/?p=8245","title":{"rendered":"14 \u043c\u0430\u044f &#8211; \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0447\u0438\u0445\u0443\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0430"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0432 2015 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0445\u0443\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0430: \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043a, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0435.<\/p>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043a\u00a0 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0412 1850-\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0432 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0435, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043a \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u044b\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432. \u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u044b \u043b\u0451\u0433\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0306 \u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0433\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u0412 1950 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0445\u0443\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410. \u0421 \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445.<\/p>\n<p>\u0427\u0438\u0445\u0443\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/?attachment_id=8246#main\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-8246\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8246\" src=\"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-05-14_15-12-48.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"546\" height=\"610\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-05-14_15-12-48.jpg 546w, https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-05-14_15-12-48-269x300.jpg 269w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 546px) 100vw, 546px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0432 2015 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0445\u0443\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0430: \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043a, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0435. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043a\u00a0 <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/?p=8245\">Continue Reading \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8245"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8245"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8245\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8247,"href":"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8245\/revisions\/8247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8245"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8245"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ugravet.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8245"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}